{"id":"W4392384254","doi":"10.1007/s10901-024-10114-9","title":"Independent household formation: disparities in the housing behaviours of ethno-racial groups in Canada and the United States","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Housing and the Built Environment","topic":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Human geography; Racial group; Quality of Life Research; Demographic economics; Geography; Ethnic group; Economic growth; Socioeconomics; Political science; Environmental health; Sociology; Economic geography; Medicine; Public health; Economics; Anthropology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002056657,0.00008316954,0.000192946,0.00008960706,0.0003388382,0.0001155911,0.0001402419,0.00002897825,0.000003866649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004349923,0.00003999481,0.00003952878,0.0001518115,0.000606003,0.0001576648,0.00004676195,0.0002682842,5.980037e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001908957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001124653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6606377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7404811,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984887,0.0004273931,0.000363167,0.00006547278,0.0005090297,0.0001462087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990414,0.0006726492,0.0001779537,0.00007040864,0.00001193413,0.00002562429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006903979,0.0001617535,0.3624619,0.00009238547,0.0002192633,0.0001405823,0.5846403,0.01942989,0.00001525855,0.01726463,0.0008594909,0.01402416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008819215,0.0001825128,0.4995286,0.0008318822,0.0005640115,0.0001101658,0.4435751,0.007559224,0.00009190237,0.02374591,0.01445529,0.0005362036],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872597,0.005210117,0.0001385934,0.007030134,0.0001383418,0.0001377034,0.000006916585,0.000002594873,0.0000758717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993635,0.006020796,0.00001381569,0.0002304973,0.00007632955,0.000003434261,8.577734e-7,0.000005285076,0.00001401164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1410652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3416221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02625773093823226,"score_gpt":0.2459932779952737,"score_spread":0.2197355470570414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}