{"id":"W4392858517","doi":"10.1145/3626253.3635563","title":"Do Hints Enhance Learning in Programming Exercises? Exploring Students' Problem-Solving and Interactions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Teaching and Learning Programming","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Mathematics education; Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002556532,0.0005266357,0.0005521681,0.0008377219,0.0002824759,0.002230575,0.0006359818,0.0007423911,0.002582397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03297115,0.0003842184,0.0003795185,0.0004654067,0.0003993381,0.001795134,0.001040335,0.0008653009,0.0006824652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003705144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005890457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006041624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001232203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968287,0.001641656,0.0001919911,0.0002970598,0.0007813299,0.0002591659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9777436,0.01554878,0.003032871,0.0007195852,0.001159763,0.001795431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001898693,0.009303444,0.4831545,0.001487378,0.000269889,0.0004557277,0.03643797,0.002126406,0.04906901,0.0006702899,0.002183331,0.4129434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002476272,0.009026453,0.9336239,0.0003411733,0.0003829199,0.0005244804,0.01733795,0.00904385,0.0173755,0.002050921,0.00988756,0.0001577566],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972823,0.0001180279,0.00107209,0.0001373998,0.000005182718,0.0000308685,0.00002951856,0.00006818076,0.001256398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953413,0.0001848749,0.00357441,0.00006337492,0.000006459915,0.00004467482,0.00005253023,0.00001868565,0.0007138196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002582397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01352042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03227639652147545,"score_gpt":0.3251334866117611,"score_spread":0.2928570900902857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}