{"id":"W4392957641","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12511","title":"The obligatoriness of arguments","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language and Linguistics Compass","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01569929,0.0006186137,0.0007639054,0.002842166,0.003609895,0.006433822,0.001573999,0.002275862,0.009278904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02853375,0.001050272,0.0007551951,0.001062469,0.01162981,0.01463084,0.006623401,0.003292321,0.001369317],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001990165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001917949,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000959811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008671018,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9883838,0.005168526,0.001869336,0.001740966,0.00206175,0.0007757113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9612812,0.02189986,0.002742547,0.007696111,0.005480909,0.0008993427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004986857,0.00002150744,0.002114861,0.000101194,0.00001622956,0.0002282271,0.002197028,0.0001575759,0.001975093,0.985647,0.0006855265,0.00680596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002903254,0.00004490811,0.002180051,0.0002662617,0.00005709945,0.0007179495,0.0014017,0.002054471,0.005586765,0.95635,0.0312628,0.00004899351],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3681844,0.00174361,0.2709022,0.007474144,0.0005754408,0.0001763244,0.0005597943,0.001028211,0.3493559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780723,0.0002361826,0.01445667,0.0003948045,0.0001320306,0.00006310765,0.0001341205,0.0003140948,0.006196843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01569929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08302683,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01842080306963404,"score_gpt":0.2585091533359601,"score_spread":0.2400883502663261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}