{"id":"W4393002502","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4758303","title":"The Impact of Preconditioning Beef Cattle on Externalities Due to Antimicrobial Resistance","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Agricultural Systems and Practices","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Antimicrobial; Beef cattle; Antibiotic resistance; Business; Resistance (ecology); Biotechnology; Economics; Biology; Animal science; Antibiotics; Microeconomics; Microbiology; Agronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001432883,0.0002531035,0.0003099578,0.00001951121,0.0004893066,0.0004680195,0.0005755028,0.0001541158,0.00006460639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000796484,0.00006888063,0.0004220348,0.0001656343,0.00004292079,0.00008613504,0.0002247149,0.002398202,0.00005042936],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006142282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003550063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002628379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01450003,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976266,0.0002160414,0.0004363525,0.0002946319,0.0002826561,0.001143703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988483,0.0003612686,0.0004853173,0.00008246564,0.0001365453,0.00008614033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004338421,0.0009563921,0.005159548,0.0007922403,0.009508324,0.00008849731,0.005786865,0.0136805,0.1752854,0.2363138,0.167344,0.3807459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003940114,0.003766935,0.2088567,0.004410621,0.0003166492,0.001782803,0.007069678,0.00001471277,0.004076153,0.744864,0.02260597,0.001841692],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882907,0.005207206,0.000004388764,0.003899122,0.0005812899,0.0002571588,0.0001339039,0.00002547492,0.001600726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886273,0.001650492,0.00000667518,0.00002715627,0.00148363,0.00001484636,0.0000241108,0.000002581872,0.008163178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5085502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0136701399307435,"score_gpt":0.2630568384446303,"score_spread":0.2493866985138868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}