{"id":"W4393009508","doi":"10.1111/abac.12319","title":"Is One Head Better Than Two? Dual Leadership and Firm Performance During the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 Crisis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Abacus","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Duality (order theory); Endogeneity; Dual (grammatical number); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Profit margin; Quarter (Canadian coin); Financial crisis; Economics; Business; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Finance; Macroeconomics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002165465,0.0002042489,0.0001624083,0.00008620497,0.0003123386,0.0004705911,0.0001917013,0.00005591842,0.00008672316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003391335,0.0001561384,0.00007222009,0.0004560253,0.00007159272,0.001127518,0.0001437199,0.0002500602,0.000703104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003174781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002259093,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007657237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002404314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987647,0.000006710708,0.0001864094,0.000385973,0.0002601572,0.0003960495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994977,0.00007066829,0.00009891403,0.0002765236,0.000037839,0.00001837024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002473972,0.00006322293,0.7621878,0.002062526,0.0001215845,0.00017405,0.001845349,0.00004230507,0.0008106739,0.001439123,0.222728,0.00850064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000462281,0.00001376735,0.6543665,0.0001824553,0.00007111211,0.00001600857,0.0003649943,0.0009551441,0.0001975804,0.0005538339,0.3426805,0.0001358447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864504,0.00224238,0.00002864888,0.008597746,0.0003360333,0.0001500345,0.0000122016,0.0001441382,0.002038412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828452,0.0001906878,0.00002061085,0.01108898,0.00155097,0.00002316258,0.000006217751,0.00003372136,0.004240373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1199525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9037213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04858868048541174,"score_gpt":0.2381878627432328,"score_spread":0.189599182257821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}