{"id":"W4393359008","doi":"10.3386/w32270","title":"Market Power in Artificial Intelligence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004130273,0.0007183539,0.0009897358,0.003045351,0.001200285,0.005159689,0.0008368515,0.002269265,0.005604363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01009548,0.0003027095,0.0004687244,0.002253102,0.009812254,0.009812004,0.002235078,0.002922598,0.0007122967],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002246487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001202398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001178629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006312585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997644,0.001132789,0.00009377665,0.0003031972,0.0006701451,0.000156016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925291,0.006061789,0.0003361076,0.0004094945,0.0004685945,0.0001948796],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004053519,0.000009248438,0.0001664374,0.00006401305,0.00001026634,0.00003238182,0.0001316782,0.001162185,0.00003880711,0.9871995,0.001386224,0.009795159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004483954,0.000006772093,0.0001157907,0.00005070006,0.000002286734,0.00002398561,0.0000573967,0.002009468,0.00002843554,0.9875188,0.01017829,0.000003517409],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03473615,0.1996858,0.1445168,0.08259478,0.002033023,0.0001361992,0.0002129025,0.0001873304,0.535897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8876169,0.06121767,0.01960809,0.005106669,0.006530258,0.0002835234,0.0001171485,0.00008083414,0.01943902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005604363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02184325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4288765873551731,"score_gpt":0.4765477300454197,"score_spread":0.04767114269024653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}