{"id":"W4393509548","doi":"10.47604/ijodl.2438","title":"Effectiveness of Distance Learning Technologies in Higher Education in Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Online and Distance Learning","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Distance education; Mathematics education; Computer science; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002739531,0.0002819776,0.0003865246,0.002235375,0.004521681,0.005204591,0.00151032,0.0006208455,0.0052202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01589771,0.0001789199,0.0004019243,0.004438404,0.001364848,0.001457624,0.002581993,0.0008929359,0.0004484165],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.07589445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1212822,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9727216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9746766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942947,0.0006306252,0.0002294993,0.0004630935,0.003212505,0.001169537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.980459,0.0031031,0.001327961,0.0002715651,0.0087696,0.006068814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000788286,0.001361717,0.3425497,0.002470013,0.0001582167,0.0005634126,0.01444654,0.002557743,0.002298507,0.01154726,0.01525048,0.6060082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001029767,0.0006944488,0.90074,0.0009365811,0.0001757601,0.0001857592,0.02716736,0.002778512,0.002525,0.0008041804,0.06378059,0.000108841],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9378161,0.00577009,0.000726191,0.00449315,0.0001398336,0.0002720968,0.001435003,0.0001403121,0.04920723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916162,0.00171132,0.000584471,0.000287826,0.00001093069,0.00003466036,0.0002973893,0.00001281763,0.005444467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9241055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5506553,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01057270847536506,"score_gpt":0.3280748482660127,"score_spread":0.3175021397906477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}