{"id":"W4393865224","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v13n2p100","title":"Analyzing Student Success Outcome Variables in Higher Education Utilizing the Chi-Square Test of Independence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Education and Learning Interventions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Independence (probability theory); Outcome (game theory); Test (biology); Chi-square test; Psychology; Mathematics education; Square (algebra); Statistics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Mathematical economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04416165,0.0005232518,0.001178219,0.004446507,0.0011797,0.001917987,0.001462647,0.001027697,0.006531934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1362045,0.0002876201,0.001192178,0.006236466,0.002596035,0.002135976,0.002043919,0.002739558,0.0007486609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002230591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002527293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002361813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.938627,0.02817291,0.005394827,0.004541665,0.0213744,0.001889235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7533949,0.2153963,0.01189242,0.007357404,0.01004515,0.001913706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001096979,0.0009256572,0.8510494,0.0005834125,0.0009840759,0.0005061957,0.009047988,0.00168444,0.001925077,0.01050382,0.003952309,0.1177407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009169486,0.005328665,0.9407117,0.0003159972,0.0002439327,0.0006373193,0.01183952,0.01886017,0.003415861,0.01037214,0.008059512,0.0001234419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.888576,0.0005768956,0.09144544,0.0008178052,0.0003089313,0.001345067,0.001326206,0.0004015218,0.01520228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.975306,0.0001209607,0.02165769,0.00009578164,0.00006444442,0.001413318,0.0004294066,0.0000510253,0.0008614004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04416165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2335519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04276186221989745,"score_gpt":0.4018643181762798,"score_spread":0.3591024559563823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}