{"id":"W4393935248","doi":"10.1029/2023gl106926","title":"Influence of Lowering Soot‐Water Contact Angle on Ice Nucleation of Ozone‐Aged Soot","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich","keywords":"Soot; Ice nucleus; Ozone; Nucleation; Contact angle; Atmospheric sciences; Materials science; Environmental science; Meteorology; Geology; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Physical chemistry; Composite material; Combustion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001141397,0.0002316597,0.0002002539,0.0000953346,0.0001495569,0.0002381599,0.0001269525,0.0001613028,0.000862293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001827365,0.0001019971,0.0001730357,0.00007427798,0.0001809587,0.0001349046,0.0001169542,0.0002096331,0.00007768213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001626323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001227662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002720473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002320339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999162,0.000009146123,0.000004582896,0.00001962862,0.00001852661,0.00003206746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999886,0.00003602243,0.00002356316,0.000009056284,0.00002291097,0.00002238809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002785226,0.000013121,0.001013704,0.0000196,0.000009581261,0.00002898253,0.00002404767,0.0001346138,0.9980687,0.00001048539,0.000008524822,0.0003899927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006355803,0.0003257683,0.01858409,0.00000289067,0.00001552028,0.00002247128,0.00006355691,0.000791509,0.979965,0.00001399766,0.0002044308,0.000004424587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995552,0.00007255409,0.0001134006,0.00000362179,0.000004371814,0.000003555168,0.00008445351,0.000003370093,0.0001596063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995926,0.00006602788,0.000112301,0.000006643089,0.000001256064,0.000002936825,0.00006034972,0.000003347173,0.0001543908],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002720473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02194752638061108,"score_gpt":0.2747223468179542,"score_spread":0.2527748204373431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}