{"id":"W4395002601","doi":"10.1177/00207152241246166","title":"Migration, social stratification, and labor market attainment: An analysis of the ethnic penalty in 12 Western European countries","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ethnic group; Social stratification; Economics; Stratification (seeds); Demographic economics; Educational attainment; Labour economics; Political science; Development economics; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001375197,0.0002719056,0.0003592436,0.001474723,0.0006675975,0.0008874831,0.0002455534,0.0003143286,0.001013251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002326438,0.0001219833,0.0004020011,0.001979847,0.0006855178,0.000411241,0.001507396,0.000298376,0.0001361957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003176893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003425152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01206122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01430744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993668,0.0003099183,0.00007133451,0.00007456526,0.00006496965,0.0001123785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985896,0.0003298516,0.0006483327,0.00008289419,0.0001352163,0.0002141623],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007375827,0.00002679127,0.9962066,0.000008619084,0.00004247587,0.0001025092,0.0007116427,0.0002106907,0.00005140419,0.0001513464,0.00005998816,0.002354133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001958791,0.0000359946,0.9971487,0.00001263792,0.00001105707,0.00006104353,0.002124046,0.0002819145,0.0000180446,0.0000468795,0.0002545184,0.000003193362],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996151,0.00007288426,0.00003416616,0.00001179059,0.000001109268,0.000001988515,0.00004902957,4.917427e-7,0.0002135218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.0000605065,0.00004051872,0.000004775326,0.000001651915,0.000004033534,0.000168473,7.505749e-7,0.00009272643],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01206122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02398199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04580665601991267,"score_gpt":0.4021795442263364,"score_spread":0.3563728882064238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}