{"id":"W4395050236","doi":"10.3390/life14050538","title":"Year-Long Stability of Nucleic Acid Bases in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid: Implications for the Persistence of Organic Chemistry in Venus’ Clouds","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Life","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Uracil; Sulfuric acid; Nucleic acid; Chemistry; Guanine; Cytosine; Thymine; Purine; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Nucleotide; DNA","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001283343,0.00006065942,0.0001199387,0.00001473406,0.00002440428,0.00001068766,0.0001200174,0.00002426783,0.0004431377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002743409,0.00005052063,0.00006255729,0.0002797808,0.00006591399,0.00004525719,0.0000216079,0.0000824891,0.000003038438],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000308547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001820924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005169594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001384337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994675,0.00001511748,0.000217035,0.0001287624,0.00005235642,0.0001192262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996056,0.0001012828,0.00005137897,0.0001699855,0.00004068463,0.00003109338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003381829,0.0002307651,0.8309173,0.0002711998,0.00005707305,2.38908e-7,0.0009055962,0.00004536286,0.1610817,0.004750417,0.0005351065,0.00117143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001235432,0.00007095221,0.7443349,0.0002581405,0.00008413056,6.263443e-7,0.005154527,0.002760326,0.2391588,0.001421181,0.005216644,0.0003042636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977338,0.0005006147,0.0003522648,0.0005572659,0.00005937019,0.0001516473,0.0002496097,0.00000874319,0.0003866833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997883,0.000008158097,0.00003507037,0.00001057965,0.0000766916,0.00002364513,0.0000222928,0.000007090776,0.00002811446],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08658232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4852047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02550153767804947,"score_gpt":0.2615963935873145,"score_spread":0.236094855909265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}