{"id":"W4395462748","doi":"10.5430/afr.v13n2p89","title":"Optimizing the Implementation of Carbon Tax in Reducing the Impact of Environmental Pollution","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounting and Finance Research","topic":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","keywords":"Environmental tax; Carbon tax; Pollution; Environmental economics; Business; Natural resource economics; Economics; Public economics; Environmental resource management; Tax reform; Greenhouse gas; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003601956,0.0003746701,0.0004179267,0.0006993588,0.0009210948,0.002947296,0.0006353287,0.001051257,0.00227715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009035372,0.0001800687,0.0003530384,0.001100457,0.0006446114,0.002007987,0.0008527653,0.001070205,0.0002970505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003571953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009273922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01948019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01955943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964743,0.001556666,0.0001862838,0.0002115519,0.0007387029,0.0008324611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948939,0.001583425,0.001297338,0.0002607704,0.001653741,0.0003107515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001300145,0.005134898,0.1381927,0.0019735,0.0003644073,0.001408548,0.003419542,0.2697367,0.02069812,0.1736345,0.009993968,0.374143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004470859,0.004283277,0.3674203,0.002768405,0.001513789,0.0005444819,0.03168236,0.293215,0.06873336,0.1077372,0.1212239,0.0004308058],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8802409,0.002018017,0.01582246,0.006391685,0.0001382363,0.0008109463,0.0002266356,0.0001111214,0.09424006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920013,0.0007694913,0.004785305,0.0002236266,0.00001158603,0.00005423802,0.00003983689,0.000008892914,0.002105632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01948019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0387336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02184510451485009,"score_gpt":0.3367178844418661,"score_spread":0.314872779927016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}