{"id":"W4396542874","doi":"10.1109/ihtc58960.2023.10508866","title":"An Examination of Online Hate and Harassment Targeting Immigrants","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Harassment; Immigration; Computer science; Computer security; Internet privacy; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003444466,0.00004650289,0.00005912949,0.00009839293,0.0000503435,0.00003807004,0.0001275706,0.0000223617,0.000005898601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001361474,0.00004074956,0.00001159913,0.0002980899,0.00001062292,0.0002780327,0.00004679128,0.0000323516,0.00001304845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006815326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008996115,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007851805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002984326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994526,0.0000368283,0.0001127219,0.0001594513,0.000130432,0.0001079614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997324,0.00001822093,0.0000379699,0.000134041,0.00003792089,0.00003945718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002598347,0.00006807117,0.001044004,0.00002061261,0.000008290823,0.000007132522,0.0009390896,0.0001214067,0.1667679,0.002582672,0.0001972098,0.828241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002898022,0.0002548695,0.4294611,0.00001936192,0.000003345721,0.000004149151,0.0003733999,0.4552631,0.1131941,0.0005876995,0.0004093703,0.00013974],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9418321,0.00001256473,0.05739118,0.0001800218,0.0000992805,0.0000572699,0.000001342409,0.000193882,0.0002323552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839144,0.00002991943,0.01571193,0.00003201396,0.00001912534,0.000002158362,0.000009529756,0.000002991135,0.0002779725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8281013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1661719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01325882586806423,"score_gpt":0.2566774003150294,"score_spread":0.2434185744469652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}