{"id":"W4396628691","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-13829-4.00022-2","title":"The logic of probability and statistics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Probability and statistics; Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008640749,0.0002193637,0.0003761202,0.00004440973,0.00007954297,0.00004146737,0.0001581893,0.0001531677,0.00008408361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001326718,0.0001388424,0.00006603833,0.000006883555,0.0005056498,0.000005281542,0.0001233319,0.0003042822,0.00002675758],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003562163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001315366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.994306e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001777333,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988953,0.00005601764,0.0004668888,0.0002439735,0.0001978959,0.0001398863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953234,0.003766936,0.0002549043,0.0004440119,0.0001614904,0.00004932486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003712763,0.000002641655,4.986707e-7,0.0004316629,0.00004229633,0.000001638204,0.0001718826,9.28925e-9,0.000001196512,0.607367,0.001925007,0.3900525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002624774,0.0000223262,0.000002614234,0.00009932921,0.0001090159,0.000004601054,0.00002100275,0.000002580746,0.000009071441,0.5847775,0.4148444,0.00008131065],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004248187,0.00179852,0.001333807,0.0001195721,0.0008136475,0.0005081568,0.0004876824,0.0000476621,0.9948867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000008717097,0.0002994505,0.1969916,0.00003109637,0.00006415774,0.00002221721,0.000007191889,0.00003425407,0.8025413],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4129194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5661831,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1581731954593512,"score_gpt":0.3843333931003184,"score_spread":0.2261601976409673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}