{"id":"W4396957290","doi":"10.1097/js9.0000000000001609","title":"Recent advances in stem cell therapy: efficacy, ethics, safety concerns, and future directions focusing on neurodegenerative disorders – a review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Surgery","topic":"Pluripotent Stem Cells Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Global Health Research","funders":"","keywords":"Stem cell; Neurodegeneration; Medicine; Growth factor; Remyelination; Neuroscience; Keratinocyte growth factor; Stem-cell therapy; Myelin; Cell biology; Cancer research; Biology; Pathology; Disease; Internal medicine; Central nervous system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001166934,0.0002876558,0.0007988252,0.0003416079,0.00004625338,0.00005860337,0.0002973529,0.0002284409,0.00001887374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001241307,0.0002080823,0.0004752503,0.0002043912,0.00007059782,0.00001598223,0.0001108375,0.001003947,0.000005366921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001180811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006676337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002154188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001572338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974357,0.0006412544,0.0008524152,0.0003498144,0.0005452544,0.000175512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984897,0.000417772,0.0005504702,0.0001501927,0.0003101285,0.00008178614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000798421,0.0000844086,0.000008640262,0.00236791,0.0001946208,0.00006150518,0.00002442892,0.000005559107,0.00002117794,0.000007492663,0.002041448,0.9951029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001543267,0.00006335317,0.000005809386,0.01856549,0.00007103293,0.00009095807,0.00001450928,7.799222e-7,0.00005933873,0.000005799688,0.9807965,0.0001720707],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008762768,0.9942861,0.000009688335,0.002545789,0.002447277,0.000279444,0.00007367448,0.000003845193,0.0002665903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003816429,0.9977515,0.00001296811,0.0002586867,0.00165605,0.00001346219,0.00008085355,0.00004145368,0.0001469167],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9949309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.848535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07189860545296999,"score_gpt":0.3901590398362424,"score_spread":0.3182604343832725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}