{"id":"W4398755683","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20241031","title":"Teaching-Track Economists in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AEA Papers and Proceedings","topic":"Innovations in Educational Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Kingdom; Track (disk drive); Fast track; Political science; Engineering; Medicine; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001942575,0.0000699727,0.00007245062,0.0001037329,0.0005891115,0.0002296499,0.0001332897,0.00003227633,0.00002683914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004082464,0.00004202578,0.000009799955,0.000620921,0.0003504421,0.0001021966,0.00002488224,0.0002503152,6.608392e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001646836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004095614,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9130539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.460797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993797,0.00006560377,0.0001366251,0.0001402163,0.0001180843,0.0001597713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990183,0.0008105737,0.00003628759,0.00003600041,0.00006600126,0.00003291015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001059047,0.000004141168,0.01210621,0.0000230606,0.00001722673,5.397449e-7,0.04206993,0.000007427822,0.00001575777,0.9357299,0.004354369,0.005660875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001718802,0.000006549659,0.01889143,0.00004718875,0.00001345186,0.000003927216,0.04266117,0.001570846,0.000007431705,0.01805511,0.9184665,0.0001044882],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9241029,0.0001393254,0.00000105894,0.05537886,0.0002535852,0.0001546604,0.000003391452,0.00001727695,0.01994893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961025,0.0001435466,0.0002290213,0.002480037,0.0001612564,0.00002583603,0.000006465371,0.000006870029,0.000844502],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9176748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5490421,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02760744083363868,"score_gpt":0.3308426992677336,"score_spread":0.3032352584340949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}