{"id":"W4399068138","doi":"10.1186/s12916-024-03424-w","title":"Specification curve analysis to identify heterogeneity in risk factors for dementia: findings from the UK Biobank","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMC Medicine","topic":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"National Institute on Aging","keywords":"Dementia; Medicine; Biobank; Disease; Odds ratio; Apolipoprotein E; Gerontology; Bioinformatics; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2078787,0.001050726,0.002014279,0.004031153,0.0009815108,0.002958818,0.003245843,0.002083184,0.006285084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.5677621,0.0007807133,0.005859119,0.007077582,0.002627538,0.004571794,0.004949578,0.002944268,0.0006194551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002987517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00232826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02611405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007036014,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7756516,0.1957136,0.008179147,0.008634059,0.01017414,0.001647466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.2675494,0.6429303,0.03520811,0.0394389,0.01372861,0.001144694],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004444204,0.0001514108,0.8591087,0.001659943,0.01313234,0.0006353524,0.008869262,0.01401289,0.0001744973,0.01698016,0.01026581,0.07056537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009523436,0.001860603,0.7924918,0.002843233,0.007180907,0.002125267,0.00537519,0.09888114,0.0006845551,0.06667995,0.02050904,0.000416066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7996952,0.01759736,0.1554292,0.008770168,0.0002502323,0.001493941,0.009642108,0.0004431503,0.006678645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796805,0.0008916701,0.01393511,0.0009600606,0.00006348715,0.0008100002,0.003032077,0.000105563,0.0005215624],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7921213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9768265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07289704685885744,"score_gpt":0.4037895119833383,"score_spread":0.3308924651244808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}