{"id":"W4399318659","doi":"10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024","title":"Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth system science data","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; HORIZON EUROPE Innovative Europe; Research Councils UK","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Radiative forcing; Climate change; Climate commitment; Environmental science; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Earth system science; Climate model; Global warming; Climatology; Environmental resource management; Negotiation; Effects of global warming; Political science; Kyoto Protocol; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01306837,0.002406753,0.001553877,0.01199704,0.0008231441,0.003374775,0.002861614,0.001743624,0.01092032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02428377,0.0007685024,0.001496467,0.02361031,0.0008395567,0.003873657,0.00518132,0.003955967,0.008629442],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004463794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01432765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07287061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0381804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9929142,0.001303993,0.0009488051,0.0005358492,0.003810203,0.0004869206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9677259,0.002272618,0.004892778,0.001942218,0.0212714,0.001895244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001197239,0.00005959305,0.01189252,0.0029213,0.0002023928,0.00006616832,0.0002386481,0.001682095,0.0006455677,0.005741243,0.8868,0.08963079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003549766,0.00003536135,0.03531502,0.001184564,0.0001079624,0.00006274717,0.00021057,0.0008585295,0.0009972532,0.003344784,0.9577645,0.00008325352],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00378298,0.01064347,0.01111017,0.0106903,0.008206372,0.0006665819,0.9296442,0.002056626,0.02319935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04371344,0.01790177,0.045483,0.003916806,0.001832124,0.003787031,0.872403,0.00113981,0.009822969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07287061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1448929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00745316717992758,"score_gpt":0.2320589202637308,"score_spread":0.2246057530838032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}