{"id":"W4399463557","doi":"10.59890/ijla.v2i2.1743","title":"A Comparative Analysis of Immigration Laws: Case Studies of the Canada, Germany, the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law Analytics","topic":"European Criminal Justice and Data Protection","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Political science; Immigration policy; Corporate governance; Legislature; Immigration law; Government (linguistics); Public administration; Comparative research; Politics; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Social science; Economics; Management","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009575548,0.00007179187,0.0002571771,0.0002629851,0.0001734708,0.00005443921,0.0003397223,0.00001778967,0.0000163466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003345087,0.00003541985,0.0001325799,0.001070671,0.001042058,0.0001096527,0.00007255191,0.0001688699,1.689021e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009176456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002076543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5668722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5401652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982511,0.0004459857,0.0005151313,0.00006617696,0.0006505547,0.00007099485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961724,0.001614074,0.0006746752,0.0001040366,0.001409059,0.00002580564],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009278063,0.0001939009,0.003071208,0.0001747706,0.03026068,0.0005376198,0.1996317,0.1045014,0.0005017963,0.653385,0.00581504,0.0009990365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001704058,0.000452838,0.005374868,0.001059493,0.02420269,0.0004213614,0.4585112,0.324658,0.001946283,0.005515003,0.1757359,0.0004183222],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902062,0.000458469,0.001309167,0.007049392,0.0002868281,0.00009512404,0.000163283,0.000002186816,0.0004293591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986825,0.0007698319,0.00004522453,0.0003561301,0.00007654796,6.517368e-7,0.00001094231,0.000002683281,0.00005547626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6478701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4682256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08668815106692236,"score_gpt":0.3904707553167937,"score_spread":0.3037826042498714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}