{"id":"W4399574043","doi":"10.1093/jae/ejae008","title":"Reducing Wait Times at Customs to Boost Trade: How Implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement Can Expand Trade among AfCFTA Countries?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Economies","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Trade facilitation; Tariff; Economics; Customs union; International economics; International trade; Landlocked country; International free trade agreement; Bilateral trade; Transparency (behavior); Trade barrier; Free trade; Rules of origin; Negotiation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001433547,0.0003257058,0.0007140893,0.0004310739,0.000351747,0.0007307046,0.0004963767,0.0001065623,0.0005346776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009892438,0.0002977698,0.0003903584,0.0002325176,0.0001481753,0.000845268,0.00008968735,0.0003339002,0.0001033331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001074959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001012794,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001425938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003935765,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973227,0.00003203745,0.001439285,0.000459669,0.00008241552,0.0006639243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983518,0.0002216154,0.0008271274,0.0003169549,0.000013585,0.0002688819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004680255,0.0003566104,0.09974834,0.0007679267,0.00370796,0.0001764694,0.1162556,0.01192889,0.0006687742,0.1834714,0.5578721,0.024578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008398626,0.00043477,0.05364044,0.0001338554,0.0000976349,0.0001154834,0.01220899,0.002279443,0.0009876111,0.004230534,0.9243543,0.0006771152],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9254358,0.004371042,0.0001057385,0.06114016,0.001181708,0.0003756294,0.000664165,0.00003106946,0.006694729],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968221,0.0007505969,0.0001839779,0.0006971542,0.0005139184,0.00001976552,0.00001239251,0.00003825742,0.0009619026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3664822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03357796518649408,"score_gpt":0.2229047874936348,"score_spread":0.1893268223071407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}