{"id":"W4399710116","doi":"10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111427","title":"Identification of retracted publications and completeness of retraction notices in public health","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Completeness (order theory); Identification (biology); Public health; Medicine; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity","scholarly_communication"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1037729,0.00005655874,0.0009351069,0.0003125711,0.00006681539,0.00001465636,0.0002379308,0.000855708,0.00005200349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1304626,0.00004642094,0.0001633552,0.0004957377,0.0006138337,0.0004802936,0.00001842168,0.002209342,0.000002064887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005554168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008583919,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007876069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004420798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9867099,0.007352168,0.005240729,0.0001788383,0.000285746,0.0002325966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9647779,0.03071003,0.003665232,0.0001082722,0.0005612868,0.0001772864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007517127,0.0002641387,0.3285646,0.0002042476,0.0001012141,0.000002002932,0.003962076,0.00003451988,0.0001860092,0.5800723,0.006589215,0.07994453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001987289,0.0001915057,0.8804983,0.0001855575,0.00002127298,0.00001105753,0.001499408,0.002474764,0.000008709597,0.0391437,0.07570886,0.00005808803],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7051411,0.002070436,0.01052184,0.278667,0.002284958,0.00014888,0.00001714113,0.00001449471,0.00113411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927638,0.005306793,0.0009489242,0.0004706442,0.0004266267,9.227683e-7,0.000003896794,0.000003359134,0.00007504665],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5519338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9598615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4692525975811023,"score_gpt":0.5655348517299681,"score_spread":0.09628225414886582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}