{"id":"W4400000793","doi":"10.1093/braincomms/fcae219","title":"Multimodal subtypes identified in Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants by missing-data-enabled subtype and stage inference","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brain Communications","topic":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Genentech; National Institutes of Health; UCLH Biomedical Research Centre; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia; IXICO; H. Lundbeck A/S; Eisai; University of Southern California; Wellcome Trust; University College London; Servier; EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; BioClinica; Biogen; Pfizer; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; UK Research and Innovation; U.S. Department of Defense; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; European Commission; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Medical Research Council; Meso Scale Diagnostics; Alzheimer's Association","keywords":"Neuroimaging; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Inference; Stage (stratigraphy); Missing data; Disease; Alzheimer's disease; Medicine; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Neuroscience; Internal medicine; Machine learning; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01010897,0.0007461566,0.001319978,0.001324195,0.0008022028,0.001103274,0.002391574,0.001242423,0.001441954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02987877,0.0006041221,0.002609235,0.0009320066,0.0004238078,0.0008952962,0.001832456,0.002005919,0.0003849412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000797938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001369943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01840393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02269753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976216,0.001089704,0.0001631936,0.0007246155,0.0001772188,0.0002237633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930552,0.003439036,0.0009782872,0.001390415,0.0008774593,0.0002596417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003092503,0.0005599418,0.7986088,0.0002453548,0.001530417,0.0008216859,0.001521186,0.03953896,0.004371159,0.00437132,0.006082709,0.139256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000352621,0.0004084816,0.2301457,0.0001622155,0.001103498,0.0006768308,0.0006243362,0.7223489,0.00383763,0.03600002,0.004155921,0.0001837824],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7415281,0.0006279355,0.2498139,0.0008078314,0.0000902272,0.0003397568,0.005328932,0.0006569464,0.000806332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8988117,0.0001352298,0.09274422,0.0002161158,0.00005375747,0.0003492334,0.006893902,0.00009472162,0.0007010316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01840393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05346203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1785629829198153,"score_gpt":0.4380100054603869,"score_spread":0.2594470225405716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}