{"id":"W4400014082","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25372","title":"Unified closure relationship for slug liquid holdup","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Closure (psychology); Slug flow; Mechanics; Surface tension; Flow (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Viscosity; Two-phase flow; Inertial frame of reference; Gravitation; Momentum (technical analysis); Fictitious force; Thermodynamics; Physics; Classical mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002504073,0.0001044141,0.0001198545,0.0001467791,0.00004054156,0.00008898821,0.0001824866,0.00008417984,0.000009764927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000139279,0.0000853164,0.0001139405,0.0001748363,0.00001827378,0.00008895427,0.000004428295,0.0003965064,0.000003754684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001990758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001580071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005099344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007639125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999392,0.000003247489,0.0002300984,0.00005554868,0.00007897761,0.0002401485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994329,0.0001820745,0.00001366745,0.00009566603,0.0000450709,0.0002306718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001407769,0.000002213253,0.00003740168,0.0003892817,0.0002016862,0.00008436502,0.0007287077,0.7915131,0.1383886,0.06312263,0.004749692,0.0007682345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002581684,0.00004579251,0.00005508907,0.0004193241,0.00008435767,0.0002469123,0.00001348609,0.9443339,0.02365215,0.001537475,0.02905595,0.0002974257],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578418,0.006668553,0.03137478,0.001071653,0.002102693,0.0001524872,0.00003154221,0.0001336447,0.0006228156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984017,0.000004768385,0.00113963,0.00001996838,0.0003289295,0.000003815715,0.000003515164,0.00004524324,0.00005240686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1528208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3479102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01020467453914721,"score_gpt":0.1900331353759227,"score_spread":0.1798284608367755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}