{"id":"W4400041662","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c01894","title":"Climate-Driven Increases in Source Water Natural Organic Matter: Implications for the Sustainability of Drinking Water Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Alum; Climate change; Natural organic matter; Sustainability; Water quality; Climate change mitigation; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental protection; Ecology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003066237,0.0001325092,0.0001045737,0.0004289128,0.0003197601,0.0006397262,0.0001723635,0.0002420906,0.001639736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000409362,0.00006930903,0.0001564653,0.000955374,0.0001866654,0.0003324344,0.0002221313,0.0001635586,0.0001527539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001754335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001295616,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2435441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4809614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998894,0.000008579443,0.000003785263,0.00001618548,0.00005083169,0.00003128655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997602,0.00002715185,0.00006914656,0.00001309383,0.0001044814,0.00002586658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003152013,0.00005911942,0.8323019,0.0002053227,0.0001194297,0.0004153076,0.0005193388,0.00831627,0.08106122,0.0004767991,0.004897523,0.07131252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002534853,0.00001122237,0.984674,0.000008054854,0.00001709094,0.0000429635,0.0003896845,0.00294145,0.006039695,0.000152852,0.005711676,0.000008778728],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832522,0.0006599268,0.002701873,0.0008173573,0.00001947534,0.00002105749,0.005539001,0.0001608876,0.006828217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952278,0.0005144586,0.001573736,0.00008512974,0.000007116136,0.000006694957,0.001269898,0.00001950722,0.001295527],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2435441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.484253,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004042999172891894,"score_gpt":0.2219743465196475,"score_spread":0.2179313473467556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}