{"id":"W4400446843","doi":"10.59704/53f0a1f60dbaf402","title":"What are Principles and How Do They Work?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Legal Language and Interpretation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Computer science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003276367,0.0001126385,0.0001342504,0.00005363683,0.0001018601,0.002646631,0.0001782664,0.0002149845,0.0002224253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121178,0.00008427861,0.00006828074,0.00005516561,0.00007807078,0.0002656437,0.0004738602,0.0003357285,0.00006535399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005762194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009789092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009819733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00710539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991537,0.00009154023,0.00007773984,0.0002982934,0.0002301384,0.0001485306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995977,0.00005748049,0.00006350685,0.0001605663,0.00005578658,0.00006495856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001670259,0.00002823676,0.002702503,0.0003671946,0.0001508973,0.00006202768,0.6175044,0.00001978331,0.00001802516,0.2761371,0.01040921,0.09258398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001240722,0.00003167788,0.001947295,0.004133457,0.0001469456,0.000001546972,0.1543895,0.0001468297,0.0001870912,0.09789145,0.7401361,0.0008639551],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1458407,0.02049578,0.00004892394,0.03716161,0.004188529,0.0005105588,0.00001044292,0.000323419,0.79142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9315095,0.001885927,0.0001635141,0.0002758278,0.0004411367,0.00002143949,0.000006135966,0.00001054376,0.06568599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7856688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03128466417495498,"score_gpt":0.3138360095608387,"score_spread":0.2825513453858838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}