{"id":"W4400482784","doi":"10.55016/ojs/cpai.v5i2.75649","title":"Cheating: It depends how you define it","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Durham College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Information technology; Computer science; Psychology; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00410467,0.0003677688,0.0003991607,0.0007954232,0.001539168,0.0001440144,0.001178798,0.00286198,0.001536238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008983159,0.0003785158,0.000217473,0.001599174,0.0007788111,0.0005758885,0.00006617197,0.01216558,0.001717659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002672987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002673831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2817299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3165373,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995836,0.0005768295,0.0003445221,0.000833827,0.0008598589,0.001548913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972207,0.0006801228,0.0001452372,0.0003572634,0.0003733778,0.001223301],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000235731,0.00001483775,0.002260627,0.000009985442,0.00004588767,0.00005424574,0.09400711,0.000005058013,0.00008370591,0.4685524,0.4320419,0.002900676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002318801,0.00005290534,0.00197848,0.0001184484,0.00002254316,0.000008660279,0.2981137,0.0001827338,0.0001196747,0.008428559,0.6902623,0.0004800665],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07892454,0.0004098275,0.00006265146,0.5067461,0.001066133,0.0005019761,0.0002764016,0.0004498406,0.4115626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9464542,0.001910287,0.0001270655,0.01062695,0.001674998,0.00004624922,0.00005225172,0.0000439505,0.03906408],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8675296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0571260874846967,"score_gpt":0.3389974806971074,"score_spread":0.2818713932124107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}