{"id":"W4400535074","doi":"10.1080/26884674.2024.2377082","title":"Race, policing, and Black males in Canadian society","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Race Ethnicity and the City","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Race (biology); Criminology; Black male; Sociology; Political science; Gender studies","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003545613,0.00005947408,0.0001525942,0.00007234317,0.000400913,0.0001709764,0.0001120972,0.00008676952,0.00007703668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002474771,0.00003965447,0.000081904,0.0002121481,0.0006485051,0.0003467121,0.00002455241,0.0005132674,0.000003217107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001061013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003872422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8589562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9370381,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990872,0.0002885649,0.0001728521,0.00007228783,0.0001560949,0.0002230209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990343,0.0005879503,0.00008533654,0.00005329974,0.00003933224,0.0001997315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009809538,0.0000451381,0.1003959,0.00008226128,0.0001410125,0.00002761934,0.804732,0.0000958038,0.0001122715,0.0688076,0.01456627,0.01089602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009503743,0.00006186181,0.5146681,0.0002879797,0.0001321081,0.00009750649,0.0310852,0.001661867,0.0000127276,0.01193794,0.4388882,0.0002161439],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9317271,0.001012104,0.00002487935,0.06194712,0.0001637791,0.00006179875,0.000005152544,0.000005670362,0.005052429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857132,0.01161483,0.00007320315,0.0008983239,0.0003638509,4.078101e-7,1.131394e-7,0.000003649181,0.001332359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7736468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3083539,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04611502105707262,"score_gpt":0.3710488318323778,"score_spread":0.3249338107753052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}