{"id":"W4400543235","doi":"10.1364/ol.529611","title":"Perfect space–time vortices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Vortex; Physics; Space (punctuation); Computer science; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002251463,0.0002530661,0.0002572472,0.000554267,0.0003953706,0.001011105,0.0003722557,0.0004555768,0.001641875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005344389,0.0001368069,0.0001989491,0.0002816729,0.00129222,0.001829706,0.0007750714,0.000494095,0.0002210755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002951926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003674979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001999797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001775703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998409,0.00002697559,0.000008282984,0.0000264991,0.0000579137,0.00003948287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997752,0.00003522954,0.00005341045,0.00004339982,0.00004824597,0.00004447743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001721405,0.000006785268,0.0001316435,0.00002751994,0.000004719264,0.0000800109,0.00005464919,0.001977555,0.009281286,0.9834166,0.0004331648,0.004569022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005380437,0.0002131994,0.0006648076,0.00004742901,0.00002379866,0.0008706338,0.0001861504,0.07711989,0.02648021,0.8540367,0.04024804,0.00005528755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3859952,0.004345004,0.4955492,0.001818559,0.001106517,0.0001202989,0.0003210812,0.0004126837,0.1103316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95698,0.0008595472,0.03399947,0.0001983103,0.0001871832,0.00005921505,0.00008141541,0.00002328492,0.007611583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001641875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005492628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003489998886819353,"score_gpt":0.2088516494991033,"score_spread":0.205361650612284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}