{"id":"W4400580445","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2024.2374285","title":"Weighing the Evidence: Historians-in-training in the Elementary Classroom","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Assumption University","funders":"","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Geography; Medicine; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005119076,0.0001146706,0.0001857838,0.00004934961,0.002800672,0.0001150283,0.0005943965,0.00005914536,0.00003683668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000646324,0.00005881206,0.0001055516,0.0006683262,0.0008895628,0.00012917,0.0000599407,0.0005689228,0.00002497249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009226473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003813517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007418274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03724721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977258,0.0009036144,0.0002386381,0.0002049478,0.0004979487,0.0004290349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968905,0.00289293,0.00004515928,0.0001200201,0.00003075281,0.00002057528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004313626,0.00001033739,0.0006499857,0.00001035621,0.00003509755,0.000007720373,0.8857697,9.959977e-7,0.000002595588,0.07232677,0.02863526,0.01254685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003337519,0.00001121104,0.0009278277,0.00006650152,0.00002439535,2.134205e-7,0.6177133,0.000001675825,1.304238e-7,0.01534356,0.3658152,0.00006257641],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.237902,0.1297726,0.000009215426,0.5350686,0.01345776,0.0007423761,0.00000463223,0.0001979804,0.08284487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912862,0.002018265,0.00001098444,0.001152252,0.004233169,0.00009012347,3.630548e-7,0.00001008417,0.00119861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7533841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991914,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3716766296971499,"score_gpt":0.4950263739061487,"score_spread":0.1233497442089987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}