{"id":"W4400581642","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01385","title":"High-Efficiency Photothermal Water Evaporation under Low-Intensity Sunlight Using Wood Biochar Monolith","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Monolith; Evaporation; Photothermal therapy; Chemistry; Sunlight; Adsorption; Light intensity; Intensity (physics); Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Materials science; Pyrolysis; Nanotechnology; Catalysis; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004064229,0.0002240669,0.0002256466,0.0001888707,0.0001460617,0.0001708931,0.0001977691,0.0001728344,0.000923942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001367095,0.0001618485,0.00009874591,0.0002881835,0.00006211056,0.0002465333,0.00006057436,0.0001944417,0.001193131],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001388972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004113008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009155197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002500702,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984006,0.0001553502,0.0003064887,0.0004671515,0.0002542339,0.000416132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993445,0.00003126299,0.00004300437,0.0004016601,0.000101903,0.00007762115],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005394551,0.0001025677,0.0001092677,0.000089435,0.00009644028,0.00005279115,0.003408338,0.003394334,0.9717569,0.01895655,0.0004873785,0.001492058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002783295,0.00002860865,0.001033116,0.00004414665,0.00005124599,0.00003471145,0.0001811012,0.01525925,0.970907,0.003680762,0.008154741,0.0003470075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725907,0.000275257,0.02341121,0.0006716431,0.001162821,0.0001746103,0.00001817883,0.0005130067,0.001182589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936643,0.000004366643,0.003963475,0.000328877,0.0004440334,0.00001651188,0.0001118599,0.00007055575,0.001395997],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02107364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999893,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0296846129744885,"score_gpt":0.2852050947294164,"score_spread":0.2555204817549279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}