{"id":"W4400683001","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c03607","title":"Selenite Stable Isotope Fractionation during Abiotic Reduction by Sodium Sulfide","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Coal and Its By-products","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Selenium; Fractionation; Chemistry; Sulfide; Abiotic component; Environmental chemistry; Stable isotope ratio; Sodium; Reduction (mathematics); Inorganic chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Geology; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002358106,0.0001204737,0.00008562975,0.0003952345,0.0004659467,0.0001028802,0.0002888283,0.00008613881,0.001710884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002499431,0.0001064247,0.00002045099,0.001248619,0.0007398628,0.0009489469,0.00005017477,0.0002278057,0.001233312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000790982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004294489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002011872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002375265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985223,0.00001280635,0.000154548,0.0005659193,0.0003554523,0.000388996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996803,0.00001190344,0.00003723389,0.0001952271,0.000006035194,0.00006926317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001196505,0.00003900969,0.02554572,0.00001593938,0.000006839262,0.00001157273,0.0001792375,0.000305598,0.8976883,0.0001139244,0.0007370358,0.07534482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000193105,0.000228122,0.2058377,0.00002916048,0.00001815764,0.0003800873,0.001055452,0.005667113,0.685222,0.002305418,0.09861415,0.0004495647],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934385,0.001464086,0.00004402595,0.00267496,0.0007460751,0.0001527907,0.00003597562,0.0002294428,0.001214126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967626,0.0002429208,0.000197184,0.00002626438,0.00008565708,0.000002294262,0.00004382604,0.000003951888,0.002635265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2124664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995443,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004042402029403639,"score_gpt":0.1773100846170034,"score_spread":0.1732676825875998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}