{"id":"W4400720808","doi":"10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00157-2","title":"Trends and levels of the global, regional, and national burden of appendicitis between 1990 and 2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"˜The œLancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","topic":"Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management","field":"Medicine","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Human Resource Development; Houston Methodist Research Institute; Dilla University; Debre Markos University; Universitas Sam Ratulangi; Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Berlin Institute of Health; Alexandria University; University of Hail; Dire Dawa University; Addis Ababa University; University of Tabriz; Urmia University; Wuhan University; National Taiwan Normal University; Rajshahi University; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Mansoura University; King Abdulaziz University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Pretoria; Islamic Azad University; Sungkyunkwan University; Ain Shams University; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Public Health England; University of Dhaka; Amity University; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Universidad de Colima; National University of Singapore; Macquarie University; Imperial College London; National Institute for Health and Care Research; University of Kufa; University of Colombo; University of Minnesota; Case Western Reserve University; Urmia University of Medical Sciences; Houston Methodist Hospital; Institute of Infection and Immunity; Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences; University of Portsmouth; Broad Institute; South Eastern Sydney Local Health District; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Università degli Studi di Milano; University of Texas Medical Branch; Haramaya University; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; Jazan University; University of Nevada, Las Vegas; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Wollega University; Aksum University; Tulane University; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Kasturba Medical College, Manipal; Harvard University; Jahrom University of Medical Sciences; Helsingin Yliopisto; Coventry University; Florida International University; Oulun Yliopisto; University of Crete; University of New South Wales; Ajou University; University of Southern California; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Karolinska Institutet; Zagazig University; Charles Sturt University","keywords":"Burden of disease; Medicine; Appendicitis; Global health; Disease burden; Disease; Intervention (counseling); Environmental health; Adverse effect; Public health; Intensive care medicine; General surgery; Pathology; Nursing; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005893806,0.0005586226,0.001051092,0.003316194,0.0002374027,0.001250435,0.0005518321,0.000661745,0.001171161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009761173,0.0003248862,0.003969648,0.006326101,0.0003756808,0.00101918,0.001427049,0.001304031,0.0003170671],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001305009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001512995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03615261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03432138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979533,0.0007500387,0.0003203773,0.0004206431,0.000380571,0.0001750571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959698,0.001200786,0.001541087,0.0002330893,0.0008291302,0.0002262461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007455054,0.00003791304,0.9321508,0.003127669,0.009654373,0.0001305757,0.000643264,0.002676844,0.0001989252,0.0005611285,0.008355709,0.04171723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009199273,0.0001547747,0.9788917,0.001870454,0.006412654,0.0003334374,0.0006486466,0.001744487,0.000112025,0.0006004564,0.009091103,0.00004808676],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6167261,0.2835739,0.003927513,0.008283971,0.000451156,0.0001427039,0.0827166,0.0001909416,0.00398709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9215843,0.04769787,0.00158681,0.001122574,0.0002037329,0.0001583301,0.02727105,0.00003752612,0.0003378601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03615261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07188433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03298819816857416,"score_gpt":0.3064596837042804,"score_spread":0.2734714855357062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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