{"id":"W4401037694","doi":"10.1002/sim.10167","title":"Modern approaches for evaluating treatment effect heterogeneity from clinical trials and observational data","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Statistics in Medicine","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bayer (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Observational study; Computer science; Identification (biology); Rule of thumb; Clinical trial; Medical physics; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Statistics; Mathematics; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1139283,0.002804964,0.006001638,0.01119575,0.0006381953,0.004624818,0.00451673,0.003348429,0.003706444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2401758,0.001277376,0.006483157,0.00898669,0.005203971,0.005101256,0.003616811,0.006866571,0.001008759],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003072276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005971625,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00204757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001471503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.8919283,0.08229689,0.006839465,0.004113585,0.01444337,0.0003784583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.602056,0.3772417,0.007676662,0.007517292,0.00509789,0.0004105846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001479982,0.00008683471,0.002378955,0.02312118,0.005367048,0.0001641985,0.0004444127,0.01567995,0.0002736667,0.2458522,0.006772514,0.6997111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017999,0.0002423009,0.00224845,0.008596461,0.002087382,0.0004248582,0.0001561135,0.01855348,0.0005470078,0.9226815,0.04414004,0.000142463],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008313991,0.2618131,0.7273455,0.005374742,0.0007459952,0.0005518164,0.0005391511,0.0002329864,0.002565371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06291004,0.3490342,0.5722813,0.00480475,0.004273254,0.004254821,0.001066364,0.0002620183,0.001113374],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8860717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6025175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9530672804330427,"score_gpt":0.7219823764569416,"score_spread":0.231084903976101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}