{"id":"W4401200028","doi":"10.1080/01587919.2024.2373297","title":"Impacts of engagement on academic outcomes in technology-enhanced learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Distance Education","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Summative assessment; Learning analytics; Formative assessment; Student engagement; Learning Management; Higher education; Academic achievement; Blended learning; Mathematics education; Psychology; Distance education; Term (time); Mastery learning; Educational technology; Medical education; Computer science; Medicine; Data science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002250771,0.00006920461,0.00009688696,0.0002932023,0.00003089654,0.00003086392,0.0002437938,0.00005293997,0.000003252504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002237026,0.00006201044,0.00002573014,0.0007027318,0.00001914776,0.0001469076,0.00003054784,0.000475191,0.00002775714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008514528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001592336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006015633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003987848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999344,0.0000363147,0.0001686568,0.0002010515,0.0001252503,0.0001247564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999636,0.00007558014,0.00005722626,0.0001793858,0.0000309215,0.00002089042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004806437,0.0002715825,0.1267237,0.0001755921,0.0000210329,0.000002502945,0.004972073,0.002061828,0.004970436,0.5341322,0.0005790045,0.3260853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001083813,0.001010875,0.3569234,0.006124286,0.00005669834,0.000007070228,0.009087453,0.1557152,0.05246124,0.3356357,0.08027402,0.001620217],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9475785,0.0009659641,0.03161922,0.01672167,0.000733008,0.00009931742,7.811835e-7,0.0002435622,0.002038006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974563,0.00007384163,0.001490813,0.00006822988,0.00003126848,0.00001065349,0.000003258066,0.000005264059,0.00086039],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3244651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2528712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01271404286799048,"score_gpt":0.3415176798821574,"score_spread":0.3288036370141669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}