{"id":"W4401361321","doi":"10.1109/iccsc62074.2024.10617066","title":"Metal Structural Defect Detection Based-On Deep Learning and Grad-Cam","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001733349,0.0001319113,0.00011845,0.0001851309,0.0001008397,0.0001363675,0.00002097654,0.0001129369,0.00009506704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002783743,0.000104998,0.00009260564,0.0002221288,0.000009470273,0.0001144589,0.000007289355,0.0002984138,0.00006787075],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005411517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003906252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003420493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002697749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993624,0.00004194337,0.0001398889,0.0001741903,0.0001333707,0.000148206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997744,0.00008786697,0.000009183831,0.00006523661,0.00001230431,0.00005101945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004546485,0.000003624787,0.0004348097,0.0002251419,0.0001297521,0.0000211277,0.0001533889,0.09351517,0.04286083,0.0004137401,0.0001382131,0.8620588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002018938,0.0001974256,0.0004376678,0.00003930404,0.00002914352,0.00004680532,0.00006433507,0.9628436,0.02300527,0.00006011013,0.01289376,0.0001806632],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9349982,0.0008210217,0.05077175,0.00001105631,0.002693564,0.0001959469,0.000001478545,0.00159656,0.008910464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993896,0.000006831413,0.00006255502,0.000006724622,0.0002777663,0.00001038926,0.000001850446,0.00002951,0.0002147787],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8693284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4281695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007879298604716976,"score_gpt":0.2251227208735634,"score_spread":0.2172434222688464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}