{"id":"W4401366516","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2410","title":"They Have Always Been Military: On So-Called Militarized Policing in Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theory in Action","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kwantlen Polytechnic University","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Criminology; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001938191,0.0003521488,0.0004469054,0.001822994,0.03029991,0.006884951,0.002168948,0.001476915,0.004906854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006086873,0.0003747744,0.0002248713,0.005594865,0.01552903,0.002064579,0.004647105,0.003416133,0.000201683],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.2125651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2797131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9984545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.999451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966505,0.0004674072,0.00005985468,0.000260376,0.0008150066,0.001746799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952073,0.0009010475,0.000539214,0.0001284028,0.001613723,0.001610402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001592578,0.0001034727,0.08202606,0.0005439014,0.00005854692,0.002116915,0.602749,0.001113536,0.0007523089,0.1619359,0.06076236,0.08767876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001884838,0.00004282945,0.1085356,0.0007968579,0.00004553153,0.0002916646,0.6505314,0.0007274853,0.0004576267,0.004354601,0.2340554,0.0001421987],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8278409,0.01044422,0.0007161793,0.06545907,0.0004670207,0.00008076573,0.0004363761,0.00002951895,0.09452603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848582,0.003992589,0.0002577007,0.002257735,0.00003150606,0.00001072238,0.00007165937,0.00001849833,0.008501439],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2125651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9133129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04836267031708442,"score_gpt":0.3675185170042276,"score_spread":0.3191558466871431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}