{"id":"W4401490097","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115503","title":"Automated ultrasonic scattering energy method for evaluation of small-sized cracking damage in concrete","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Measurement","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Cracking; Scattering; Acoustics; Rayleigh wave; Rayleigh scattering; Energy (signal processing); Wavelength; Ultrasonic testing; Composite material; Optics; Surface wave; Optoelectronics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003218754,0.0001198853,0.000166034,0.0001362628,0.0000218372,0.0000449398,0.00007425749,0.00005279575,0.00002836501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001817923,0.0001220013,0.0000554405,0.0001908012,0.000007896396,0.00006561262,0.000008091739,0.00006812389,0.000001594269],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003885667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008440085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004411192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007599295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988006,0.00008025574,0.0003214628,0.0001715539,0.000439384,0.0001867021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995072,0.0001016056,0.00003254157,0.0001215863,0.0002105661,0.00002648636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005944155,0.00000395386,0.00001998224,0.0003082046,0.00006413407,6.089116e-7,0.0001763052,0.1491894,0.8213087,0.0002346364,0.00009149671,0.02859663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005818994,0.00001855639,0.0005433749,0.0003458309,0.00008691987,0.000001003101,0.00002820536,0.8338688,0.1638216,0.0003257634,0.0002699796,0.00010808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1665104,0.002098687,0.8291535,0.00007427637,0.0005805899,0.0005179628,0.00001459935,0.0004806702,0.0005693384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9822714,0.00002543748,0.01744494,0.000009971774,0.00004441167,0.0001478881,0.00001771938,0.00003371419,0.000004498319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.815761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.497507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04583018350545493,"score_gpt":0.2887558213003342,"score_spread":0.2429256377948793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}