{"id":"W4401723426","doi":"10.1080/09645292.2024.2387586","title":"Explaining educational achievement among Indigenous individuals: how important are culture and language?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education Economics","topic":"Education Systems and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"ArcticNet","keywords":"Indigenous; Academic achievement; Psychology; Sociology; Educational attainment; Mathematics education; Economic growth; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005794477,0.0001085979,0.0001149908,0.0001526103,0.0004182033,0.0006277889,0.0001311553,0.00009517385,0.0001930376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009852703,0.0001122049,0.00003765001,0.0001470669,0.00009232952,0.0004566175,0.00001942799,0.0001211485,0.00003916499],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002720606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001885572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001357681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001321953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991581,0.00007285879,0.0002233863,0.0002507697,0.00008527181,0.0002095578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993805,0.00009195232,0.0001679049,0.0001365266,0.00005032907,0.0001727987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.371051e-7,0.00006350257,0.4449756,0.00003327743,0.00003316797,1.659894e-7,0.4546016,0.000001181876,0.000004286323,0.07791524,0.01649504,0.005876496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004417167,0.000009357351,0.1143026,0.00007117867,0.00001465327,0.000003781534,0.3857596,0.000008116531,0.00001360946,0.001746064,0.4978458,0.0001811525],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.970255,0.003684262,0.000005105876,0.01735641,0.0023633,0.000283582,0.00003455468,0.00005154781,0.005966244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9772545,0.0007177375,0.00028649,0.0005198115,0.002868558,0.0001324222,0.00008283863,0.0000170331,0.01812062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4813507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6053783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0206789004686936,"score_gpt":0.3253327926185689,"score_spread":0.3046538921498753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}