{"id":"W4401915489","doi":"10.3390/bs14090754","title":"Young Children’s Directed Question Asking in Preschool Classrooms","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Behavioral Sciences","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Jacobs Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Mathematics education; Developmental psychology; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005308488,0.000105779,0.00009926588,0.0001784091,0.0001291964,0.0001867373,0.0001864206,0.00006508633,0.0007588026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001516771,0.00008581595,0.00003858653,0.0005787563,0.000110765,0.0001796294,0.00004117713,0.0002305518,0.0002825783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006774177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005688582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001539321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003934095,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987473,0.00009373789,0.0001797176,0.0004503517,0.0002304585,0.0002984022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998062,0.0000220955,0.00002654234,0.00008285934,0.00001047358,0.00005178162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006149926,0.00009342328,0.93674,0.000002342491,0.000003479048,0.00003802716,0.001490476,0.00000672179,0.0004404526,0.00497229,0.0007264238,0.05548017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008907246,0.00009447304,0.9972014,0.000110434,0.000007858853,0.0000287637,0.0001820013,0.00008252756,0.00003624955,0.0001359703,0.001894115,0.000137138],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.984984,0.0008069067,0.00001839415,0.0002474012,0.001062723,0.0001507614,0.000003092337,0.0003160568,0.01241064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975778,0.000007881089,0.0003552511,0.00002418585,0.0001154131,0.0000272113,0.000007030072,0.000008274295,0.001876937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06046135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8308356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0308978295639734,"score_gpt":0.3675564991631363,"score_spread":0.3366586695991629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}