{"id":"W4401966864","doi":"10.1039/d4gc03071k","title":"Carbon negative biochar systems contribute to sustainable urban green infrastructure: a critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea; Rural Development Administration; Korea University; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Biochar; Carbon fibers; Green infrastructure; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Business; Environmental planning; Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Engineering; Economics; Pyrolysis; Carbon dioxide; Composite number","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003977529,0.0007713221,0.001648872,0.00005642336,0.0001153396,0.0001134108,0.0005979743,0.0005678874,0.002502082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002455265,0.0005877829,0.0005583976,0.001008705,0.0002802278,0.00009019602,0.000793059,0.0008027941,0.002022004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001141915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000158058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007631946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005134479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964597,0.0001147734,0.0008822001,0.001035594,0.0006967102,0.0008109715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983745,0.00007556809,0.00024727,0.0006771918,0.00005124488,0.0005741923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002552287,0.000108013,0.00001376918,0.517248,0.0005324507,0.001607666,0.0001581833,0.000002734623,0.0005844519,0.0004915777,0.3085068,0.1707208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008411097,0.00002545451,8.155542e-7,0.02083909,0.00100147,0.000499267,0.00003659547,0.00002132941,0.00003535396,0.00007786501,0.9767095,0.0006691627],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001463944,0.9896389,0.00001194889,0.0005996427,0.0002525413,0.0013094,0.0005872063,0.0001709422,0.00741479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001063008,0.940555,0.0000322295,0.0003402945,0.0005603338,0.000181507,0.0001526745,0.00008152957,0.05799013],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6682027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01649148045756009,"score_gpt":0.2828756084158141,"score_spread":0.266384127958254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}