{"id":"W4401977607","doi":"10.26522/brocked.v33i3.1173","title":"Beyond Reproach: Navigating Usage, Detection, and Future Pathways of AI in Education","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brock Education Journal","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Epistemology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002503447,0.00007471011,0.00008647513,0.000190504,0.0001139704,0.0002757441,0.0001655962,0.00004874802,0.000007103384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009124458,0.00006912499,0.00003536186,0.0005493748,0.00001318229,0.000485922,0.0000320033,0.0005563187,0.000004141746],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005579711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001314948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001246326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000573833,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991872,0.00007208649,0.0002879873,0.000190975,0.0001542804,0.0001074843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994446,0.00003445859,0.0001121409,0.0001481175,0.0001651258,0.00009557002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001183463,0.0001128366,0.002577304,0.00006050842,0.000006899996,0.000001068639,0.002633221,0.00006976073,0.002318765,0.00506588,0.001398709,0.9857538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000856115,0.0006337512,0.2080963,0.003871232,0.0001093151,0.006704087,0.02772023,0.1621009,0.006277776,0.3941463,0.188163,0.001321039],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9264443,0.009489343,0.03380685,0.02290286,0.006080453,0.0001299416,0.000001060662,0.00009249784,0.001052698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852089,0.0002101745,0.01232384,0.0003081362,0.001482567,0.000004137456,0.000001901779,0.000007913713,0.0004524038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9844328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2818835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008351185340319919,"score_gpt":0.2873382797743131,"score_spread":0.2789870944339932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}