{"id":"W4402123843","doi":"10.1109/ticps.2024.3452681","title":"An Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Framework for Automatic Generation Control Systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Intrusion detection system; Computer science; Intrusion prevention system; Control (management); Computer security; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001376487,0.001021388,0.0009331884,0.001025843,0.0004619161,0.0009358739,0.001284377,0.0009116317,0.001014466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001623105,0.0002588663,0.0008295256,0.0006282153,0.0008103456,0.001211585,0.001024411,0.001019457,0.0001863871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009111394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001634978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005859086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003579573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989673,0.0002469776,0.00005668189,0.0002186006,0.0003895684,0.0001209625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994449,0.0002062657,0.00009307412,0.0000381273,0.0001906243,0.00002706097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006161466,0.00005642385,0.0005020607,0.0001020146,0.00005917067,0.0001864689,0.0001157208,0.8444544,0.004194866,0.04917671,0.001338383,0.09975208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005509914,0.00002639686,0.00005593297,0.000004707188,0.000006685333,0.00002764603,0.0000066014,0.9948242,0.0004906013,0.003923226,0.0006236077,0.00000502496],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002855833,0.000234964,0.9957091,0.00007164275,0.00002162888,0.00004916703,0.00001224245,0.0003567314,0.0006886703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5866411,0.0006523847,0.4093983,0.0001271225,0.0001282207,0.0003166815,0.0001185202,0.00005044921,0.002567209],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005859086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01164997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02061534952257344,"score_gpt":0.2496384369316041,"score_spread":0.2290230874090307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}