{"id":"W4402140240","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v15n1p302","title":"A Cognitive Semantic Account of the Preposition “‘bra” in Modern Standard Arabic with Reference to the English “Through”","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Jeddah","keywords":"Arabic; Computer science; Natural language processing; Cognition; Linguistics; Cognitive grammar; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007350624,0.0001475162,0.0002556383,0.0002366656,0.00005980198,0.00009731835,0.0002992658,0.0000545946,0.002632255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004557643,0.00008031625,0.000107991,0.000740212,0.00006882875,0.0002413685,0.00004527947,0.000780034,0.000009739867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007782521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009002168,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007708726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005668953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984407,0.0003219459,0.0004304917,0.0001997274,0.0003779408,0.00022922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986299,0.000349674,0.0002294638,0.0002691269,0.0004713102,0.00005054124],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001352967,0.0001685348,0.001311703,0.0001317887,0.0003789874,0.00107514,0.9682994,0.000761423,0.0007048221,0.00414597,0.003362133,0.01830716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006055414,0.001592392,0.03883689,0.01046153,0.0006933725,0.0006090867,0.8586378,0.0001795769,0.004847997,0.0006407974,0.07654688,0.0008982677],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9434838,0.01027421,0.0005824585,0.0002808433,0.0009080384,0.0002904084,0.00003469079,0.00003369629,0.04411192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969155,0.000008253161,0.00008314299,0.001485233,0.0005649045,0.00001369784,0.00000444499,0.00002609775,0.0008987894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1096616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01284518179730691,"score_gpt":0.2988632411445488,"score_spread":0.2860180593472419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}