{"id":"W4402149197","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100305","title":"Examining perivascular spaces (PVS) in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) using a novel T1- based automated PVS segmentation tool","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cerebral Circulation - Cognition and Behavior","topic":"Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Krembil Foundation; Health Sciences Centre; Western University; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Deep learning; Ground truth; Neuroimaging; Hyperintensity; Convolutional neural network; Segmentation; Dementia; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medicine; Radiology; Disease; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002015651,0.0003091863,0.0002415043,0.0003643956,0.0002887527,0.0005885219,0.00009860222,0.0001250565,0.0005032167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001371076,0.0003259983,0.0001134235,0.0006854304,0.0001183065,0.0007854413,0.00004958666,0.0002201247,0.00003582387],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001545963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001516848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005254605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001533159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978381,0.0001300996,0.0004439314,0.0008032674,0.0004129755,0.0003716008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999377,0.00009243831,0.00009415891,0.0001778408,0.0000671894,0.0001913544],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007855015,0.0004209384,0.05564563,0.0003253347,0.000008811529,0.00009819267,0.0004090756,0.001189048,0.9367355,0.000526935,0.000008910642,0.004553075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002165215,0.00008092725,0.4761102,0.0004155189,0.0003457631,0.00006968103,0.000151637,0.5007448,0.01916246,0.0001529551,0.00004611946,0.0005546733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936427,0.0001192313,0.004161338,0.000103328,0.0003737274,0.0007985724,0.0001125147,0.0006012343,0.0000872771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984402,0.000007704145,0.0006467482,0.0003542098,0.000117359,0.0001207531,0.0002253338,0.00005392563,0.00003375428],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.917573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999192,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0892643608302002,"score_gpt":0.3070295746223928,"score_spread":0.2177652137921926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}