{"id":"W4402249831","doi":"10.1146/annurev-environ-030323-075629","title":"Status of the World's Soils","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Environment and Resources","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Soil water; Ecosystem services; Soil functions; Biodiversity; Agriculture; Soil biodiversity; Environmental protection; Environmental planning; Business; Environmental resource management; Natural resource economics; Ecosystem; Soil organic matter; Geography; Ecology; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000501539,0.0001533369,0.0002693176,0.00002652191,0.00005380106,0.000007053584,0.0002335517,0.00003427491,0.003240744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004173756,0.00008932378,0.0001398108,0.0001733612,0.0007897263,0.00009937178,0.0004564318,0.0001254024,0.0001326701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005949811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004922288,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004917748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006372363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983978,0.0001306058,0.0004114234,0.000279975,0.0005188478,0.0002613392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992949,0.0001133075,0.0001160227,0.0003766091,0.000001077491,0.00009813394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003243493,0.0005472773,0.1062254,0.01325014,0.0002887296,0.00002065863,0.006212136,0.000880051,0.01680092,0.001161683,0.05018086,0.8043997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005224983,0.00004713918,0.05742142,0.001842317,0.00007338343,0.000002821143,0.00008612864,0.00002442746,0.001828504,0.0000961862,0.9384176,0.000107842],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6460901,0.3162939,0.00002241766,0.001637535,0.0001712544,0.0006642735,0.00007332878,0.00001993176,0.03502724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.678282,0.3116444,0.0005462904,0.0006382787,0.00004967277,0.00002982531,0.000003492984,0.00002880797,0.008777247],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8882367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008491329844156922,"score_gpt":0.2538820516180545,"score_spread":0.2453907217738976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}