{"id":"W4402385501","doi":"10.1007/s13762-024-06024-6","title":"Insight of heavy metal contamination of soil in high background area: field investigation and laboratory test","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Contamination; Environmental science; Soil contamination; Ecotoxicology; Field (mathematics); Heavy metals; Environmental chemistry; Soil test; Laboratory test; Soil water; Soil science; Engineering; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Ecology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000764246,0.0000939904,0.000168873,0.0004185005,0.00002897425,0.0000182199,0.00029695,0.00008416639,0.0001720132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001938317,0.00008129686,0.00001982246,0.0003871486,0.001824797,0.0006338989,0.0002638244,0.0001760955,0.000004496994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002828852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003585192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004795464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002894846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985576,0.00002354733,0.0004350676,0.0002050266,0.0006584825,0.0001202795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994926,0.0001431985,0.0002019436,0.00009113255,0.00001644539,0.00005468949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001458969,0.0001357162,0.2034354,0.000008379408,0.00001846987,0.00003004078,0.0002867523,0.00007473047,0.768078,0.0008852186,0.00002675008,0.027006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004279818,0.000546899,0.4430159,0.0001050209,0.00002041217,0.0001295693,0.000473387,0.0006264707,0.550642,0.002991339,0.0009048513,0.0001161124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99757,0.0004921235,0.00008315813,0.00139128,0.0001949381,0.00006982498,0.00001324239,0.000004520872,0.0001809293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986343,0.0005639523,0.0006864739,0.00007138598,0.00001621938,0.000002675651,9.082537e-7,0.000004975613,0.00001914888],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2395805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6723542,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007865395067705035,"score_gpt":0.2315843412874417,"score_spread":0.2237189462197366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}