{"id":"W4402389438","doi":"10.1109/tbcas.2024.3456825","title":"Closed-Loop Implantable Neurostimulators for Individualized Treatment of Intractable Epilepsy: A Review of Recent Developments, Ongoing Challenges, and Future Opportunities","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","topic":"Neurological disorders and treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Closed loop; Neuroscience; Computer science; Medicine; Engineering; Control engineering; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002799517,0.000529332,0.003002577,0.0003541955,0.00008788064,0.00002008619,0.00007618845,0.0004076361,0.00003717936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001184336,0.0003194732,0.0003610599,0.0002497255,0.0001457804,0.00003789597,0.000003130781,0.0002250656,0.00000231092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000860389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003727594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002364593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001819339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973144,0.0001568842,0.001222202,0.000586072,0.0003978588,0.0003225975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986286,0.0003140733,0.000371864,0.000265029,0.00009110807,0.0003292925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002959,0.0006693639,6.430301e-7,0.1551978,0.0009273078,0.00004497632,0.00007379211,3.13815e-8,0.000001517452,0.00007686007,0.0002465185,0.8427317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00159157,0.002361984,0.000005004504,0.05189675,0.004948892,0.0002425211,0.0000945894,0.000005995646,0.000003814833,0.00001526818,0.9386069,0.0002266629],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005687142,0.9936725,0.00009950599,0.0003240818,0.0009339855,0.003085217,0.001476147,0.00003835329,0.0003132766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003327787,0.9982563,0.00002148494,0.0001128224,0.0001040313,0.0005991534,0.0002658131,0.00005455493,0.0002530091],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9383605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1813746572760368,"score_gpt":0.3570201651528935,"score_spread":0.1756455078768567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}