{"id":"W4403044647","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17883","title":"Unveiling the impact of organically activated biochar on physiological, biochemical, and yield attributes of maize under varied field moisture conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PeerJ","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Amendment; Biochar; Agronomy; Water content; Field capacity; Crop; Irrigation; Organic matter; Chemistry; Crop yield; Environmental science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"bench_or_experimental","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002313151,0.0002621653,0.0002547457,0.0002431468,0.0001919705,0.0003398283,0.0002034097,0.0002055461,0.0003343863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001601645,0.0001382294,0.0003352977,0.0002683567,0.0001635294,0.0002982282,0.000199321,0.0003660849,0.00007543033],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002755272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002738556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002824259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004959334,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998574,0.00001805141,0.00001185467,0.00003617708,0.00003851119,0.00003806252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998446,0.00002420452,0.00004672659,0.0000120573,0.0000440796,0.00002834362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002176432,0.00005372726,0.0009821756,0.00003671878,0.00001163387,0.00001382413,0.00001623501,0.00009068046,0.9976214,0.00001148938,0.000007568941,0.0009368928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003341745,0.002531321,0.09104525,0.00001323763,0.00009662819,0.00007437241,0.0002329749,0.001617097,0.9029324,0.00008375514,0.001317817,0.00002173246],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992893,0.0002149897,0.0001992147,0.00001347977,0.000004921117,0.00000781839,0.0001433596,0.000004622812,0.0001223166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985889,0.0002298006,0.000637729,0.00002325891,0.000003215194,0.0000135897,0.000191019,0.00000562045,0.000306925],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002824259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005615592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03010298488189576,"score_gpt":0.2704584136548706,"score_spread":0.2403554287729749,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}