{"id":"W4403055381","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5285","title":"Long‐Term Biochar Application Improved Aggregate K Availability by Affecting Soil Organic Carbon Content and Composition","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Land Degradation and Development","topic":"Clay minerals and soil interactions","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biochar; Soil carbon; Composition (language); Term (time); Total organic carbon; Aggregate (composite); Carbon fibers; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Soil science; Soil water; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Pyrolysis; Nanotechnology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002239316,0.0001121421,0.000113207,0.00004462313,0.0001594505,0.0002216775,0.00003190089,0.00004729545,0.000079264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001124286,0.00009201462,0.00001244601,0.00006651047,0.00003126923,0.0001323546,0.00003611626,0.00006465714,0.00002471053],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006927046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000371157,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002396275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005322723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992145,0.00003166778,0.0002245472,0.000307572,0.0000973225,0.0001244216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996869,0.00005257108,0.00005639077,0.00008602867,0.00004656392,0.0000715589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001760015,0.00003095173,0.006734332,0.00007945867,0.000009735875,9.679302e-7,0.0004067999,6.677524e-7,0.9769638,0.00002291234,0.00008424359,0.01564852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005541847,0.00005694294,0.05399077,0.0001400105,0.0000269202,0.00004677083,0.0001027403,0.005573478,0.9380288,0.00004272605,0.001119933,0.0003167196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938295,0.0009244235,0.004322343,0.0002691752,0.0002331231,0.0002194942,0.00001208719,0.0001041602,0.00008569712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988344,0.00009138179,0.0003428731,0.00006169683,0.00003430032,0.00003962279,0.0001561593,0.0000092511,0.0004302799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04725643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3752247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01940977424044315,"score_gpt":0.2490243397715557,"score_spread":0.2296145655311125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}