{"id":"W4403200175","doi":"10.1002/nse2.20157","title":"Agriculture students’ weed collections: Choices of plants and errors in identification","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural sciences education","topic":"Animal and Plant Science Education","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Agriculture; Weed; Identification (biology); Agroforestry; Geography; Agronomy; Biology; Ecology; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000499719,0.00006666561,0.00006938346,0.0003129529,0.0001588085,0.0001469523,0.0001941217,0.00005657065,0.0001031019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004231088,0.0000476304,0.00001621495,0.001324654,0.0001376496,0.0003935171,0.00001342399,0.000114513,0.00002922282],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004950357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001455165,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001677287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005045867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990861,0.0000534565,0.0001928866,0.0002920188,0.0002483047,0.0001271875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999702,0.00009954902,0.00007276645,0.00005740134,0.00003596117,0.00003230894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008269837,0.00131874,0.548462,0.0001943656,0.000051104,0.000002631325,0.06088369,0.0000300352,0.1330093,0.03284442,0.08269364,0.1404273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004998793,0.00004673403,0.9816052,0.00008336985,0.000005552998,0.00002311002,0.01251387,0.0001286602,0.0005224429,0.0009754438,0.003960704,0.00008494456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861928,0.004284881,0.000003715682,0.0005872886,0.004209984,0.0002467697,0.000005926868,0.00002301873,0.004445593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915836,0.00005637783,0.00006027179,0.00003600442,0.0001230804,0.00005522859,0.00001752355,0.000001744201,0.008066213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4331432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2535568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02292316476785641,"score_gpt":0.3751318853547959,"score_spread":0.3522087205869395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}